The institutionalization of the Musical van-guard
Ircam GRAM label- examples IRCAM (Institut de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique) is a prominent French institute dedicated to the research and development of music and sound technologies. Founded in 1977 by the avant-garde composer Pierre Boulez, IRCAM is located in Paris, near the Centre Pompidou, and is known for its pioneering work in the fields of electronic music, computer music, and acoustics.